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Industry's Highest Current DC/DC Converter. 48V or 24V Input, 250W, 120A Output, 3.3V 90A, 2.5V 100A, 1.8V 120A, 1.5V 120A, 1.2V 120A standard with extra wide trim range
LEO Series
The Leo is a 3/4 brick CoolConverterTM in the Galaxy family of high-efficiency DC/DC converters.
Typical Efficiency: 91% at 1.8V, 60A; 88% at 1.8V, 120A Highest Ripple Frequency, 600kHz, for Low EMI Industry Compatible Footprint Democratic Secondary-side Current Sharing Ultra High Initial Setpoint Accuracy, 0.2% Wide Trim Range, +10 to -70% Single Pole Transient Response (No Ringing) Rapid Turn-on from Valid Input Voltage Two Year Warranty
The open frame 3/4 brick Leo is also available with an optional heatsink.
Control Functions
Uses Patented Power Supply Control and Architecture Primary/Secondary Microprocessor Controlled Three Enable Signals Standard for Maximum Flexibility Differential Remote Sense Active High Power-Good Signal
Protection Features
Over Temperature Protection Over Voltage Protection Under Voltage Lockout Delayed Lockout for Over Input Voltage Continuous Constant Current Limit
Typical Characteristics
Output Setpoint Accuracy: 0.2% Load Regulation: 0.25% Line Regulation: 0.25% Regulation over Line, Load, and Temperature: 1%
Leo Series, Page 1
PRELIMINARY
Part No. 99-001 Rev. 4.0-120902
General Specifications
VIN = 48VDC, TA @25 C, 300 LFM airflow, VOUT = rated output voltage , IOUT = Full Load unless otherwise noted. Available output power depends on ambient temperature and good thermal management. (See application graphs for limits.)
Input Characteristics
Parameter
48V Series
Min Max Min
24V Series
Max Units
Operating Input Voltage Input Current (Model Dependent) Input Capacitance Input Hysteresis, Low Line Reflected Input Ripple through 10H with 47F on input Control Signal Low Input Voltage1 Control Signal High Input Voltage Maximum Input Voltage, non-operating No Load Input Current Output Characteristics Output Voltage, half-load, 48Vin, 25C Regulation Over Line, Load & Temperature Voltage Ripple 5V 5V 3.3V 3.3V Current Range 5V 3.3V 2.5V 1.8V Short Circuit Trim Range Overvoltage Protection, Tracking, Latching Overvoltage Protection, Redundant, Latching Isolation Isolation Test Voltage, Input/Output (Basic) Isolation Resistance Features Over-temperature Protection, Thermal Sensor2 Input-output Capacitance Isense Signal, no load to current limit Ishare Accuracy (See application notes) Power Good Range Power Good High Level
35.5
1
75.5 8.6 6.6 3 1.5 1
17.5
1
36.5 17 20 3 20 1
VDC A F VDC mARMS VDC VDC VDC mA %VNOM %VNOM mVP-P mVRMS mVP-P mVRMS ADC ADC ADC ADC %IMAX %VNOM %VSET %VNOM VDC M
4 100 70 99.8 99 100.2 101 50 12 35 9 60 90 100 120 125 +10 135 140
4 100 100 99.8 99 100.2 101 50 12 35 9 45 85 100 120 125 +10 135 140
0 0 0 0 105 -70 125 135 2250 10 120 2200 0 95 95 4.75
0 0 0 0 105 -70 125 135 2250 10
125 2.5 105 105 5.25
120 2200 0 95 95 4.75
125 2.5 105 105 5.25
C pF VDC % %VSET VDC
Notes: 1. Internal pull up on both Control_L Primary and Secondary and Control_H pins are provided which source <0.2mA. For the module to operate Control_L needs to be low with respect to Vin(-) and Control_H needs to be high, or open-circuited. 2. PCB less than 130C.
General Specifications
Operating Temperature -40C to +100C Storage Temperature -55C to +125C Relative Humidity 10% to 95% RH,Non-condensing Vibration 2 to 9Hz, 3mm disp., 9 to 200Hz1g Material Flammability UL V-0 Weight (open frame) 55 grams MTBF Telcordia (Bellcore) 1,600,000 hours
Approvals and Standards
UL and c-UL Recognized Component, TUV pending, UL60950, CSA 22.2 No. 950, IEC/EN60950**
** An external fuse shall be used to comply with the requirements.
Leo Series, Page 2
PRELIMINARY
Part No. 99-001 Rev. 4.0-120902
Application Notes CoolConverterTM Family
Galaxy's COOLCONVERTERTM Family features: * Patented single-stage power conversion architecture, control, and magnetic design allow unprecedented power density and efficiency in an isolated power supply. * An advanced microcontroller reduces parts count while adding features, performance, and flexibility in the design. * Low common-mode noise as a result of lower capacitance in the transformer compared to planar magnetics and metal baseplate designs. * Higher reliability than planar transformer designs that can suffer from via fatigue from thermal cycling, and metal baseplate designs with board to board interconnects that are subject to mechanical stress on electrical connections.
Protection and Control
Valid Input Voltage Range: The converter measures the input voltage and will not allow operation outside of the input voltage specification. As shown by the graphs, hysteresis is added to both the high and low voltage to prevent the converter from turning on and off repeatedly when the voltage is held near either voltage extreme. At low line this assures the maximum input current is not exceeded; at high line this assures the semiconductor devices in the converter are not damaged by excessive voltage stress. Shut down for over-input voltages is inhibited for 100 ms transients to prevent false shut down due to transient input voltage conditions. ON/OFF Logic: The Leo family of converters comes standard with both positive and negative logic input-side shutdown pins and positive logic secondary-side shutdown. All enable pins have internal pull-ups of approximately 0.2mA. The secondary-side enable allows for system sequencing without the need for an opto-isolator. For the converter to operate all negative logic enable inputs must be less than one volt and the positive logic enable must be greater than 4V or open-circuited.
Leo Series, Page 3
PRELIMINARY
Part No. 99-001 Rev. 4.0-120902
APPLICATION NOTES
Output Over Voltage Protection: The output voltage is monitored in two ways, by the microcontroller which looks at the sensed signal and a high-speed comparator that measures the power pins. The microcontroller OVP allows the OVP circuit to track the trimmed signal. However, this circuit does not allow OVP signal detection in the event the voltage sense pins are shorted together. In that case, a redundant OVP set at a fixed threshold will prevent excessive voltage. Thermal shutdown: The printed circuit board temperature is measured using a semiconductor sensor. If the maximum rated temperature is exceeded, the converter is shutdown until the temperature decreases to 90 degC. The time for this depends on the airflow and heatsink mass. Please consult Galaxy Power for your special needs. Remote Sense: The output voltage is regulated at the point where the sense pins connect to the power output pins. Total sense compensation should not exceed 0.4V or 10% of Vout, whichever is greater. If the unit is trimmed up, the application requires that, under all conditions including current transients, the output voltage must be kept less than the redundant OVP, otherwise the unit will shutdown. Safety: An external input fuse must always be used to meet these safety requirements. Trim: The Leo converter has a novel regulation circuit that uses a differential measurement technique to eliminate voltage sense current. To trim the unit up, a resistor is connected from the trim pin to the Negative Sense pin. To trim the unit down, a resistor is connected from the trim pin to the Positive Sense pin. All models follow these trim equations: RTRIM DOWN = 2250/D - 30k RTRIM UP = 750/Dk where D is the percentage of trim (i.e. 10 = 10%). For example, to trim up 10%, a 75k resistor
Leo Series, Page 4
would be connected from the trim pin to the Negative Sense Pin. Power Good Signal The Leo generates a power good signal when the output voltage falls in a 5% window of the nominal value. The circuit tracks the trimmed voltage. The circuit has a response time of approximately 1ms. The output signal is derived from an internal 5V power bus and can source up to 5mA. If interfacing to other logic is required, the output can drive a resistor divider to set a new high level. The voltage is referenced to the VO(-) pin. Transient Response and Stability The Leo uses a high-bandwidth control to keep the output voltage in regulation. The crossover frequency of the Leo is approximately 15kHz (depending on the model) with greater than 60 degrees of phase margin. The control circuit maintains high phase margin at lower frequencies allowing the use of large amounts of external capacitance to be applies without loss of stability. If you require a high di/dt solution, Galaxy can adjust the gain of the control to take advantage of the on-board capacitance and improve the transient performance up to 5X the nominal value. If several Leos are used in parallel with current sharing, the transient response is improved by the number of Leos. For example, with two Leos a 60A step will give the same response as a single Leo with a 30A step, or about 1/2 the peak over/undershoot.
External Output Trimming
+ Sense
Trim
- Sense
PRELIMINARY
Part No. 99-001 Rev. 4.0-120902
Leo Series OPERATION
Efficiency
GPLW3V3090
94 92
GPLW3V3090 35 30 25 20 15 36V Vin 48V Vin 60V Vin
Efficiency (%)
90 88 86 84 82 80 0 20 40 60 80
36V Vin 48V Vin 60V Vin
10 5 0 20 40 60 80
Load Current (A)
Efficiency
GPLW2V5100
94 92
GPLW2V5100 35 30 25 20 15 36V Vin 48V Vin 60V Vin
Efficiency (%)
90 88 86 84 82 80 0 20 40 60 80 100
36V Vin 48V Vin 60V Vin
10 5 0 20 40 60 80 100
Load Current (A)
Efficiency
GPLW1V5120
94 92
GPLW1V5120 45
36V Vin 48V Vin 60V Vin
40 35 30 25 20 15 10
Efficiency (%)
90 88 86 84 82 80 0 20 40 60 80
36V Vin 48V Vin 60V Vin
5 0
100 120
20
40
60
80
100
120
Load Current (A)
Leo Series, Page 5
PRELIMINARY
Part No. 99-001 Rev. 4.0-120902
Leo Series OPERATION
Transient Response Voltage Ripple
1.81mV
7.81mV
Ch1
75.0mV
1
Start-up Waveform
T
2
Ch1 500mV
B W
Ch2
2.00 V BW M 4.00ms A
Ch1
300mV
Leo Series, Page 6
PRELIMINARY
Part No. 99-001 Rev. 4.0-120902
Package Detail
3.450 3.050 2.000 1.700 1.300 2.40 1.000 0.700 0.300 0 0.200
0
Pin No. Function Pin Dia. (in.)
2.000 1 CASE 2 -V
12 11
-Vo 15-17
1.700 1.500 1.300
1.100 1.000 0.900
3 ENA_H
14
4 +V 5 ENA_L BOTTOM VIEW 0.200 +Vo 6-8
2.900 3.000
0.700 0.500 0.300 0
1 2 3 4 5 6-8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15-17
Notes:
Case -Vin ENA_H +Vin ENA_L +Vo +SEN TRIM -SEN P_GOOD ENA_H_S I_SHARE - Vo
0.040 dia 0.040 dia 0.040 dia 0.040 dia 0.040 dia 0.080 dia 0.025 sq 0.025 sq 0.025 sq 0.025 sq 0.025 sq 0.025 sq 0.080 dia
9
.50 Max SIDE VIEW Pin Length
1. Mechanical tolerances x.xxx in. = 0.005 in. x.xx in. = 0.01 in. 2. Pin material: brass with tin/lead plating over nickel 3. Workmanship: Meets or exceeds IPC-A-610B Class II
Leo Series, Page 7
PRELIMINARY
Part No. 99-001 Rev. 4.0-120902
ORDERING INFORMATION
Standard Model Number * Output Voltage Max Current Typical Efficiency Half Load Full Load Standard Model Number* Output Voltage Max Current Typical Efficiency Half Load Full Load
48V Input Models (Designated W) GPLW5V060 5.0V 60A GPLW3V390 3.3V 90A GPLW2V5100 2.5V 100A GPLW1V8120 1.8V 120A GPLW1V5120 1.5V 120A GPLW1V2120 1.2V 120A Heatsink Part Numbers
Part Number Height
TBD 93% 91% 92% 90% 90% 87% 89% 84% TBD
24V Input Models (Designated C) GPLC5V050 5.0V 50A GPLC3V390 3.3V 90A GPLC2V5100 2.5V 100A GPLC1V8120 1.8V 120A GPLC1V8120 1.5V 120A GPLC1V2120 1.2V 120A
* Options: M = 0.145" Pins (0.01") S = 0.12" Pins (0.01") T = Tuned model** Heatsinks optional, consult factory.
TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD
Typical Thermal Performance Natural Convection Forced Convection Power Dissipation* Thermal Resistance**
001 002 003 004
0.25" 0.50" 1.00" 0.13"
5W 7W 11W TBD
5.8C/W 3.2C/W 2.0C/W TBD
** @ 300'/min.
*@ 60C rise heatsink to ambient
Ordering Information Example Part No.: GPLW5V060 48V Input 5.0V@60A Output Negative Logic 0.20" Pin Length Open Frame Options Code:
(All options shown)
**T (Tuned Model) Option Designed for higher di/dt and I applications, the transient response has been modified to take advantage of the capacitance on the customer's PCB. This unit requires a minimum load capacitance of 5600F with an impedance magnitude of less than 0.005 at 15kHz. It offers a minimum 3X improvement in the peak response compared to a standard unit.
GPLW 1V8120 S T 00X Part Number (from chart above) Options: Optional Pin Length M = 0.145" S = 0.12" Tuned Model Heatsink
Galaxy Power Inc. warrants to the original purchaser that the products conform to this data sheet and are free from material and workmanship defects for a period of two (2) years from the date of manufacture, if this product is used within specified conditions. Galaxy Power Inc. reserves the right to make changes to the product(s) or information contained herein without notice. No liability is assumed as a result of their use or application. No rights under any patent accompany the sale of any such products or information. For additional details on this limited warranty consult the factory.
155 Flanders Road Westborough, MA 01581 508-870-9775 Fax: 508-870-9796 e-mail: galaxy@galaxypwr.com website: http://www.galaxypwr.com
Leo Series, Page 8
(c) Copyright 2002 Galaxy Power. Specifications subject to change without notice.
PRELIMINARY
Part No. 99-001 Rev. 4.0-120902

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